Nigeria: A New History of a Turbulent Century, by Richard Bourne
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Nigeria: A New History of a Turbulent Century, by Richard Bourne
Read Online Ebook Nigeria: A New History of a Turbulent Century, by Richard Bourne
Known as the African Giant, Nigeria's story is complex and often contradictory. How, despite the ravages of colonialism, civil war, ongoing economic disappointment and most recently the Boko Haram insurgency, has the country managed to stay together for a hundred years? Why, despite an abundance of oil, mineral and agricultural wealth, have so many of its people remained in poverty? These are the key questions explored by Richard Bourne in this remarkable and wide-ranging account of Nigeria's history, from its creation in 1914 to the historic 2015 elections and beyond.
Featuring a wealth of original research and interviews, this is an essential insight into the shaping of a country where, despite the seemingly dashed optimism that was raised at independence, there still remains hope 'the Nigeria project' may still succeed.
Nigeria: A New History of a Turbulent Century, by Richard Bourne- Amazon Sales Rank: #781652 in eBooks
- Published on: 2015-10-15
- Released on: 2015-10-15
- Format: Kindle eBook
Review “Writing about the diversity and complexity of governance in Nigeria poses a challenge. Richard Bourne has in this book tackled the challenge with detailed research and admirable perspicacity. Recommended reading for all those interested in Nigerian history.” (Emeka Anyaoku, former Commonwealth Secretary-General)“This book is a major achievement and I defy anyone who reads it not to learn from it and gain greater understanding of the nature and development of a major African nation.” (Lalage Bown, Glasgow University)“Richard Bourne's meticulously researched book is a major addition to Nigerian history.” (Guy Arnold, author of Africa: A Modern History)
About the Author Richard Bourne is senior research fellow at the Institute of Commonwealth Studies, London University, and secretary to the Ramphal Institute in London. He is the author of Catastrophe: What Went Wrong in Zimbabwe?
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3 of 3 people found the following review helpful. Top-Notch Read on Nigerian History By Dr. Scott B. MacDonald Richard Bourne has made a valuable contribution to the literature about Nigeria, one of the most important countries in Africa. The book is well-researched, covers the scope of time from the creation of the country to the present, and tackles tough questions such as corruption and ethnic/religious concerns. There is a wealth of primary resources and plenty of firsthand observations derived from his long-time connection to the country. One of the key points in the book is how and why Nigeria has managed to remain a unified country - despite considerable pressures to pull it apart. In this, the Biafran War of 1967-70 was a critical moment in the survival of Nigeria. Bourne rightfully contends, "The federal victory in the civil war did not put an end to the existential question about the Nigerian state - whether so many different peoples can live together amicably in one polity. But it recast it. It demonstrated that there are military, political and economic forces strong enough to counteract and defeat centrifugal and fissiparous tendencies." Moreover, "And above all it showed that the minority tribes all over the country were committed to the survival of a recognized federation, in which their voices could be heard and that the Nigerian Army would not allow the Nigerian experiment to fail."Bourne also does much to breathe life into the major personalities who have walked across the Nigerian historical stage. This includes the likes of Frederick Lugard (often seen as one of the founders of modern Nigeria under the British), Sani Abacha ("may not have excelled in warfare, but he was extremely skilled at conspiracy."), Ibrahim Babangida, Olusegun Obasanjo, and Goodluck Jonathan. The last served as president when the elected leader unexpectedly in office and he was thrust into the country's top spot in 2010, when Umaru Musa Yar'Adua died. Often described as "meek" and unassuming, Bourne notes that he was steeled by "a determination to win the 2011 presidential election", and was strengthened by his wife, Patience, "a tough lady". Jonathan was able to win the 2011 election, but his time in office hardly stellar, with his administration seemingly adrift on many policy fronts, in particular the rise of the northern Islamic radical movement, Boko Haram.Boko Haram rose in the late 2000s and came out of longstanding grievances in a lesser developed north, that was predominantly Muslim in terms of religion. Bourne makes the point that Islam in Nigeria is not entirely defined by the north. He notes, "What is clear is that the eastward-looking and Sahara-facing Islam of the north, with its recurring and militant fundamentalisms most recently appearing in the form of Boko Haram, is different from the Islam of Lagos. In Lagos it is common for families to contain both Christians and Muslims, living together without friction and converting in both directions". Bourne notes in contrast, that "the situation in northern Nigeria is often tense, especially in religiously mixed towns, with fights, church and mosque burnings, and murders." The root causes are to be found in a very different historical experience that left the Christian south better educated and with the advantage of oil, leaving the north with larger families, lower levels of education and high levels of unemployment. The combination of these forces "have led to jealousy and a reservoir of resentful youths who hold an anti-modernity worldview." Bourne expects this problem to continue.Nigeria often comes off as a paradox; a country blessed with a wide range of natural resources (oil in particular), yet still with a large share of its people mired in poverty. At the same time, it is constantly challenged by forces that would pull it apart. Bourne ends his book with the 2015 election of Muhammadu Buhari, a northern Muslim and former military man, as president. The achievement was that for the first time in the country's history, an incumbent president was not given a second term and the opposition leader assumed the chief executive position. Bourne ends his book with the following: "With so many problems to be solved, it was unrealistic to suppose that a change of government alone would have magical results. What Nigerians had shown, however, was impressive resilience, with more confidence in the future of themselves and their state."I strongly recommend Bourne's history of Nigeria, especially for new students of the country. It is a good read and does much to explain what is a pivotal, yet complicated country.
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